Data Points
Q. Why am I getting so many out-of-control signals?
A. There are multiple possibilities that may provide a larger number of out-of-control (OOC) signals than can be reasonably managed:
Case 1 - The process is OOC in a manner that systematically… more
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Data Points
Q: I have a difficult data set that I want to use to help solve a problem. I am finding it difficult to find something of potential value. Can you help?
A: Difficult data goes beyond what is called messy data, which typically entails inconsistent,… more
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Data Points
Q. How confident can I be that (fill in the blank)?
A. With enough research, a good design, and a controlled process, I can be pretty confident. But this is not a statistics question. The term statistical confidence typically appears with the… more
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Data Points
Q: Can I infer something about a population or process based on a point estimate?
A: It is risky to use a point estimate based on a single sample of data to infer something about a population or process since it does not account for sources of… more
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Data Points
Q. If there is no information on how results should be interpreted when comparing a test result to a specification limit, should we use the absolute or the rounding method?
A. The standard practice for using significant digits in test data to… more
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Participation in interlaboratory comparison studies is of high importance for laboratories. Accredited laboratories, and many laboratories that provide testing within a regulatory framework, have a requirement to demonstrate their performance by… more
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The use of reference materials in the laboratory is widespread. These materials are most often used as control samples for control charting, drift correction, second-source verification of calibration, method validation, evaluation of method bias… more
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Data Points
Q. What are the basic concepts of measurement?
A. ASTM International members have a broad range of backgrounds, which are necessary for their individual fields. However, not everyone may have the same level of familiarity with measurement quality… more
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Data Points
The Poisson distribution is one of the most important distributions in all of statistics. It is a discrete distribution and counts certain types of events in time or over some other observational region such as area, volume, or distance. The… more
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Data Points
Q: How can probabiity of detection (POD) be estimated for a given target size using find/no-find data from a nondestructive testing (NDT) system?
A: In the aerospace industry, an NDT inspector may be required to find a crack-like defect of a given… more
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